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HMS Pathfinder (1904)
HMS ''Pathfinder'' was the lead ship of the ''Pathfinder'' class of scout cruisers, and was the first ship ever to be sunk by a locomotive torpedo fired by submarine (the American Civil War ship USS ''Housatonic'' had been sunk by a spar torpedo). She was built by Cammell Laird, Birkenhead, launched on 16 July 1904, and commissioned on 18 July 1905. She was originally to have been named HMS ''Fastnet'', but was renamed prior to construction.
==Career==
Not long after completion, two additional 12 pounder guns were added and the 3 pounder guns were replaced with six 6 pounder guns. In 1911–12 they were rearmed with nine 4-inch guns. ''Pathfinder'' spent her early career with the Atlantic Fleet, Channel Fleet (1906) and then the Home Fleet (1907). At the start of the First World War she was part of the 8th Destroyer Flotilla based at Rosyth in the Firth of Forth and commanded by Capt Francis Martin-Peake.〔http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2014/september/05/140905-hms-pathfinder〕
''Pathfinder'' was sunk off St. Abbs Head, Berwickshire, Scotland, on Saturday 5 September 1914 by the German ''U-21'', commanded by ''Kapitänleutnant'' Otto Hersing. Typical of the scout cruisers' poor endurance, she was so short of coal while on patrol that she could only manage a speed of 5 knots, making her an easy target. The ship was struck in a magazine, which exploded, causing the ship to sink within minutes with the loss of 259 men.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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